More figures of speech .... Glossary ...

[jeannerené]

Apostrophe - a form of a personification in which the absent or dead are spoken to as if present and the inanimate is animate 

Metaphor - a comparison between two unlike things in which the poet states that one this is another,
usually between something that is concrete and something that is abstract 

Simile - a comparison between two different things or ideas using like or as 

hyperbole - a deliberate, extravagant, and often outrageous exaggeration 

personification - a kind of metaphor that give inanimate objects or abstract ideas human characteristics 

understatement(meiosis) - opposite of hyperbole 

synecdoche (metonmy) - a form of a metaphor in which a part of something is used to stand for the whole or the whole for the part 

pun - a play of words that are identical or similar in sound but have sharply diverse meanings 

oxymoron - a form of paradox that combines a pair of contrary terms into a single expression 

paradox - a statement that contradicts itself. it usually reveals a truth that is normally hidden 

irony - saying one thing while meaning another(verbal irony); dramatic irony occurs when a character says or does something that has more or different meanings than he thinks 

alliteration - the practice of beginning several consecutive or neighboring words with the same sound 

assonance - the repetition of a consonant sound within a series of words to produce a certain sound effect 

onomatopoeia - the use of words in which the sound seem to resemble the sounds they describe 

end rhyme - rhyme is the repetition of similar sounds at the ends of the lines in poetry. 

Internal rhyme - occurs when the rhyme occur within a rhyme 

Rhyme scheme - is the pattern of rhymes in poems 

interlocking rhyme - a rhyme scheme in which an unrhymed line in one stanza rhymes with a line in the following stanza 

rhythm - the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables into a pattern 

Scansion - the analysis of verse in terms of meters(feet) 

blank verse - poetry that does not rhyme but has a rhythm, usually iambic pentameter 

refrain - a word, phrase, line, or group of lines repeated regularly in a poem, usually at the end or each
stanza 

diction - a writer's choice of words to produce a desired effect 

denotation - the literate or dictionary meaning of a word 

connotation- - all the emotions and associations that a word or phrase may arouse 

tone - the attitude a writer takes toward his or her subject, characters, or audience 

imagery - the deliberate use off language to appeal to one of the five senses 

motif - a recurring feature in a work of literature 

inversion - the technique of reversing, or inverting, the normal word order of a sentence 

style - an author's characteristic way of writing, determined by the choice of words, the arrangement of words in sentences, and the relationship of sentences to one another 

allusion - a reference to a person, place, event, or literary work that a writer expects to recognize and respond to 

antithesis - the balancing of two contrasting ideas, words, phrases, or sentences. 

free verse - verse that has no regular metrical pattern and does not rhyme 

narrative poem - tells a story 

lyric poem - expresses a poet's feelings 

sonnet - a fourteen-line poem(iambic pentameter) 

rhymed couplet - two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme 

psalm - a song of lyric poem in praise of God 

pastoral - poem that deals in an idealized way with shipyards and rustic life 

ode - a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject 

mock epic - a comic literary form that treats a rival subject in the grand, heroic style of the epic 

epithet - a descriptive name or phrase used to characterize someone or something 

epigram - a short, witty, pointed statement often in the form of a poem 

epic - a long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated 

elegy - a poem of mourning 

canto - a section or division of a long poem 

ballad - a story told in verse and usually meant to be sung 

allegory - a tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities 

stanza - the divisions of a poem 

dramatic monologue - a find of narrative poem in which one character specks to one listener whose replies are not given in the poem 

persona - the person who speaks in a literary work 

classicism - a movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece & Rome 

neoclassicism  - a revival in the 17th & 18th century of classical standards of order, balance, and harmony 

satire  - a kind of writing that holds up to ridicule or contempt the weaknesses and wrong-doings of individuals, groups, institutions, or humanity in general 

parody - the humorous imitation of a work of literature, art, or music 

epiphany - a moment of illumination, usually occurring at or near the end of a work